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Thursday 24 May 2012

FGVH: Anak serah memorandum kepada Suhakam

Manji scorches fatwa council's anti-Bersih edict

Bukit Jalil descendants: Last ditch effort

Frenchwoman on plane: I've got a bomb in my body

A jumbo jet travelling from Paris to Charlotte in the United States was diverted after a Frenchwoman claimed she had a device implanted on her body.

Crew on board the Boeing 767 did not want to take any chances. When a passenger passed a note to a flight attendant stating she had a "device in in her body", they decided to land in Bangor in the state of Maine.

The captain asked passengers if any doctors were on board, US media report. The female passenger was examined and no recent scars were found that could indicate a possible implant. She had no checked bagagge.

The female passenger, a French citizen in her 20s or 30s, was born in Cameroon and visiting the United States for 10 days.

Several F-15 fighter were sent to intercept the Boeing, which was carrying 179 passengers on board, and escort it to Maine’s Bangor airport on Tuesday.

Alexa Moore, a 20-year-old student told US news network ABC News, that the passengers were told the plane was diverted due to fuel shortages - and were shocked to discover the truth.

"They didn't scream or anything, 'cause I think she was already off the plane, but they, you know, jaws dropped," she said.

The female passenger who claimed having a body implant has been arrested.

Clea Caulcutt (news@thelocal.fr)

Govt sues Ambiga, Bersih over damages

The former Bar Council president says the government is seeking general and special damages amounting to RM122,000 with regard to the rally.
FULL REPORT

PETALING JAYA: The government is suing Bersih co-chairperson S Ambiga and the electoral watchdog’s steering committee members over the damages suffered during the April 28 rally.

Speaking to FMT, the former Bar Council president said she was served with the writ of summons at 3.25pm this afternoon.

“The government of Malaysia which is the plaintiff is suing me and nine other Bersih steering committee members in the civil court for what appears to be damages they suffered as a result of the rally.

“The government is seeking general and special damages amounting to RM122,000 and also a declaration that we have violated the Peaceful Assembly Act,” she added.

Ambiga said she would let her lawyers study the matter and since it was the first time a civil claim had been filed under the new Act, there would be many legal issues to iron out.

She added that the mention date for the suit had been set for June 13 before Kuala Lumpur High Court judge Justice Prasad Sandosham Abraham.

Police vehicles damaged

The writ of summons recounted that the defendants, as the organisers of Bersih 3.0, were offered an alternative location such as Stadium Merdeka to hold the rally.

Furthermore, it added that the magistrate’s court issued an order dated May 4 barring a gathering at Dataran Merdeka and on the day of the rally, the police were deployed to enforce the order.

.“On April 28, the organisers gathered in the surrounding areas of Dataran Merdeka where barriers were set up by the police. The rally turned violent because the participants breached the barricades and caused damage to properties.

“The plaintiff [government] states that according to Section 6 (2)(g) of the Peaceful Assembly Act 2012, the defendants had the responsibility of, among others, ensuring that the rally did not result in the damage of properties,” the writ stated.

The plaintiff also stated that the defendants failed to discharge their statutory duties to prevent the rally from spiralling out of control and resulting in the damage of vehicles belonging to the police.

Among the vehicles mentioned were a Nissan X-Trail, which was kicked and pelted with stones, mineral water bottles and bricks by protesters in front of Pertama Complex at around 4.20pm.

Some 10 minutes later at the same location, the writ stated that a Honda CBX 750 high-powered police motorcycle was attacked, causing the vehicle to fall and sustain damage.

“At about 4.45pm, a Nissan Urvan was attacked, kicked, punched and pelted with objects by protesters near the Jalan Raja Chulan-Jalan Tun Perak intersection.

“Around 5.30pm, five Bukit Aman strike force unit vehicles passed through Jalan Tun Perak facing Masjid Jamek and hard objects were thrown at them by protesters resulting in a Honda Accord, Proton Perdana, Proton Waja, Sangyong Rexton and two Nissan X-Trails being damaged,” it read.

Also on the list of damaged police vehicles were two water cannon trucks that were pelted with hard objects during the rally.

The writ also highlighted the negligence on the part of the defendants as follows:

  • Bringing a huge number of participants but failing to provide adequate protection.
  • Failing to employ adequate steps to ensure that the rally proceeded peacefully.
  • Failing to appoint sufficient people to ensure that the rally took place in an orderly manner.

The Bersih 3.0 rally was held to call for free and fair elections. However, it took a violent twist when the barricades at Dataran Merdeka were breached, resulting in the police firing tear gas and water cannons.

For several hours, the city centre was enveloped in chaos as protesters clashed with the police, resulting in many, including policemen and media representatives, being injured.

NGO willing to provide security for Ambiga

Since the police have failed to provide protection, V Rameshwaran says his NGO is willing to do the job.

PETALING JAYA: Amidst reports that Bersih 3.0 chairperson S Ambiga’s house will continue to be targeted by certain quarters, a NGO has offered to provide her with around-the-clock security.

Since the police and Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL) were not offering her protection, Persatuan Kebajikan Sosial Gemilang Puchong president V Rameshwaran said he was prepared to mobilise his men for the task if requested.

Speaking to FMT, the businessman, who runs a security firm, said that his organisation consisted of 2,000 members.

“As a citizen, if she cannot be accorded proper protection by the police, then perhaps as fellow citizens it is our duty to give her that protection.

“I am both disturbed and disappointed by these different groups targeting her house. She is a highly respected person with international credentials,” he added.

Rameshwaran said Ambiga was not a politician but a civic-minded individual who fought for the rights of all Malaysians and wanted to do something good for this nation.

“She was the former Bar Council president and a successful lawyer. She could have minded her own business but she chose to fight for all of our rights. And this is how you treat her?” he added.

Act of cowardice


Furthermore, the businessman said that it was an act of cowardice to harass a woman.

If these groups wanted to prove their might, he said they should have brought their supporters on April 28 to Kuala Lumpur to show who could muster a bigger crowd.

“They were sitting at home during the Bersih 3.0 rally but now after the rally, they are targeting a woman. They should be ashamed of themselves,” he added.

Rameshvaran said the continued harassment of Ambiga was bound to backfire on Barisan Nasional, especially with regard to the non-Malay voters.

“The people are angry that the authorities are allowing these abuses to continue and letting it take a racial twist. The anger will be reflected in their votes,” he added.

Ambiga’s house in Bukit Damansara had been the target of several protests, namely by traders who claimed to have incurred massive losses during the rally.

Some traders are also planning to hold a night market outside her house tomorrow and Friday.

Batal Bersih 4.0 jika boleh tuntut kerugian

Namun Datuk Jamal Md Yunos belum bercadang untuk menyaman penganjur perhimpunan Bersih 3.0.

KUALA LUMPUR: Para peniaga Kuala Lumpur sedia mempertimbang membatalkan cadangan untuk mengadakan protes Bersih 4.0 di hadapan rumah Datuk S Ambiga jika mereka dapat menuntut ganti rugi.

Pengerusi Majlis Bertindak Peniaga-Peniaga Kuala Lumpur Datuk Jamal Md Yunos berkata mereka sedia membatalkannya sekiranya tahu kepada siapa mereka boleh menuntut kerugian yang didakwa dialami ketika perhimpunan Bersih 3.0 di Dataran Merdeka 28 April lalu.

“Sekiranya kami dimaklumkan mengenai pihak yang boleh kami tuntut kerugian tersebut sebelum pukul 4 petang esok, kami akan membatalkan hasrat berniaga di Jalan Setiakasih 1, Bukit Damansara,” kata Jamal dalam satu sidang akhbar yang diadakan di Restoran Ikan Bakar Sekinchan miliknya itu.

Majlis tersebut bercadang untuk menganjur protes berniaga yang dinamakan Bersih 4.0 di sepanjang Jalan Setiakasih sebagai bantahan mereka terhadap pengerusi bersama Gabungan Pilihanraya Bersih dan Adil (Bersih).

Seramai 60 peniaga akan memprotes dari pukul 4.00 petang hingga 8.00 malam esok dan lusa.

Ketika ditanya samada mereka akan turut menyaman jawatankuasa bertindak seperti yang dibuat kerajaan hari ini, Jamal menolaknya kerana belum pasti mengenai pihak yang bertanggungjawab.

Buang masa

“Kemungkinan kami akan buat tuntutan pada pihak bertanggungjawab. Fail saman sekarang buang masa saja,” kata Jamal yang mempunyai 18 cawangan kedai ikan bakar dan sebuah syarikat jualan kereta.

Jamal turut mengumumkan rancangan menghadiahkan kereta mewah untuk meningkatkan sokongan kepada mereka melalui laman sosial Facebook.

“Pengunjung restoran yang menjadi rakan Facebook ke 150,000 akan menerima sebuah kereta BMW 530 keluaran tahun 2005 yang bernilai RM220,000.

“Pengunjung yang ke 1 juta pula akan menerima Lamborghini Gallardo keluaran tahun 2009 bernilai RM1.2 juta,” kata Jamal.

Menurutnya lagi, mereka yang berminat juga harus makan di kedai ikan bakarnya dan akan menerima diskaun sebanyak 30%.

Ketika ditanya samada pihaknya akan bertanggungjawab sekiranya berlaku kekecohan ketika protes, Jamal bersikap lepas tangan.

“Kami buka gerai untuk berniaga. Kalau orang ramai datang buat kecoh itu bukan masalah kami,” kata Jamal.

Ex-estate residents threaten to camp at PM’s office

If the PM does not meet former Bukit Jalil estate residents on May 30, they will camp in front of his office till a solution is reached.

PETALING JAYA: The Bukit Jalil estate residents want Prime Minister Najib Tun Razak to meet them on May 30 and offer a solution to their dispute with the Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL).

“If Najib refuses to meet us on that day, we will camp at the Prime Minister’s Office (PMO) until he comes to see us,” said the estate action committee treasurer K Balakrishnan.

The group earlier delivered a memorandum on their demand to Najib’s special officer Azhar Shahrul.

The 41 families living in the former estate area are currently embroiled in a tussle with the DBKL as the latter wants to evict them from the land to set up a Muslim cemetery there.

The former estate workers demanded the City Hall grant them four acres of land out of the 26-acre land to build low cost houses.

The residents duly took the matter to the High Court and the Court of Appeal but lost their case.

Najib had advised the Federal Territories and Urban Well-Being Ministry to find an amicable solution to the stand-off but to date nothing concrete had emerged.

Balakrishnan said that the residents had no choice but to resort to such drastic measures as their letters and memos to the prime minister since last year went unreplied.

“If the government can intervene in the Kampung Buah Pala issue, why not solve this issue as well?” he asked.

In 2008, Kampung Buah Pala in Penang was demolished to make way for a posh condominium project, the Oasis.

While 24 families residing in the village received double storey houses from the state government as compensation, nine families refused to accept the offer out of dissatisfaction.

Subsequently, Najib moved in and got the nine families and their extended relatives, houses in Taman Sejahtera Indah, Teluk Air Tawar.

Pakatan MPs support Ambiga

‘BN’s clear and present danger’

Barisan Nasional leaders say they may lose out in the election if internal sabotage is not contained.

KUALA LUMPUR: A divided Barisan Nasional may spell the end of Prime Minister’s Najib Tun Razak reign in Putrajaya.

And this warning to the Barisan Nasional comes from non-other than Umno-owned Utusan Malaysia.

The paper quoting party leaders says sabotage is a very clear and present danger and could lead to the BN losing more seats than in 2008.

At the Umno’s 66th anniversary two weeks ago, Najib put on a brave face and touched on the gathering as a show of support that the party is not divided and that they are ready to face the elections.

Some 60,000 members had congregated at the Bukit Jalil National Stadium here in the gathering which party sources said was meant as a “loyalty test” apart from propping up the party’s machinery and mobilisation strength.

Najib joked that the display of unity gave him enough confidence to hold elections sooner than expected.

Threat real

But Abdul Aziz Rahman, the president of the former BN Lawmakers Council, said the threat of internal sabotages is real and the ruling coalition could see itself battered if the problem is not contained.

“This election is momentous time for BN. If party members are not united then we will see the black episode (of 2008) repeating itself.

“BN’s victory will depend on the unity of all members and component party members,” he was quoted by Utusan Malaysia today.

Internal power tussle was one of the major factors that led to the ruling coalition’s loss of its customary two-thirds Parliamentary majority in the 12th general election. It also lost five states to the opposition.

Then premier Abdullah Ahmad Badawi’s effort to consolidate his position by replacing majority of the candidates with his men, sidelining powerful “warlords” along the way, saw Umno members protesting by voting for the opposition.

Abdul Aziz said BN could see a similar recurrence where candidates left out by Najib may sabotage the ruling coalition’s campaign .

Umno vice-president Ahmad Zahid Hamidi had warned yesterday that the prospect of a repeat is there.

BN may not only see a repeat but could also see more states falling into opposition hands, Zahid added. The Defence Minister also did not discount the possibility of losing federal power.

Meanwhile Umno veteran Aziz Shamsuddin told Utusan Malaysia that the party leadership must be quick to act and contain the division.

A repeat of 2008 will see Najib’s future in Umno hanging by a thread, observers predict.

He is now facing stiff opposition to his economic liberalisation plans and political reforms from within his own party.

HRP - An UMNO Trojan Horse Exposed



What I suspected since HINDRAF turned itself into a political party now is proven right, HINDRAF and especially Uthayakumar.

This blog   once penned "Uthaya save the Indians go for  self immolation," that was in December of 2010,   now we see how right we really were even then, read that and then read this.

If he is real Hindu why has he allowed the Police and the UMNO backed hooligans go and sell beef in front of Ambiga's house without even a word of objection, it is only because he is a Najib stooge, awaiting the big day at the expense of the very people he says he champions.

Yes,  the HINDRAF  was formed so that the likes of Uthaykumar could lobby with UMNO and claim that they had the majority Indian support in the country,  and take over the role that would be vacated by Samy Veloo as at that time his time to vacate was nigh, and replace the MIC in the BN.
 
There was no other way for him to get into the MIC Samy would  have  made minced meat out of him so he had to get the Indians to rally behind him and HINDRAF, and now when you look at it, his plans become so glaringly apparent.

The best way to do it was to promise the Indians something that no one could ever give them and that was a million ringgit each, just imagine 1 million ringgit each what a windfall, many  of them never even held ten thousand ringgit in their hands at any one given time and  that was what they were asked to march to the British  High Commission for.

 Now  and for what did not concern this BN government in any way the Government of Abdullah Ahmad Badawi went bersek and attacked the Indians with water cannons, tear gas and all. That angered so many Malaysians that  in its aftermath - the last elections the government got  a huge bashing,  to a great extent on the sympathy of the way it treated the Indians at the HINDRAF rally, but if the HINDRAF thinks that was the main reason then they underestimate the intelligence of Malaysians, in the same way the BN did, after all they are partners now.

That HINDRAF with its rally and nothing else won so much sympathy of the Malaysians which cannot be denied, but if they are expecting this same sympathy from the government they are in for a bashing this time from the rakyat.

It is very clear now that HINDRAF is out there to reinstate UMNO as the kingpin in the state assembly in Selangor through its political vehicle the Hindu Rights Party (HRP) , their decision to stand in Selangor is a clear indication that all they want to do is to deliver Selangor to UMNO and then Uthaykumar will get what he wants, he will become a minister and the next Samy Veloo a minister through the back door, via the senate although it is very certain that the HRP will not win a single seat at the elections and Uthaya himself knows that and has secretly acknowledged it.

The only thing the Indians in this country have to realise is that these self seeking  individuals  who claim to champion their cause actually use these Indians (the Tamillians in particular)  for their very own purposes and Uthaykumar is no exception, he is almost going to pull out a masterstroke and the Indians are going to receive another MIC like party in the government of the BN who will then dance according to the tune of the UMNO at the expense of ignorant Indian support.

HINDRAF may not come outright and join the BN that will be very difficult, but they will be what will be known as a BN friendly party just like the independents in the  Perak state assembly today.

Never in the history of Malaysia have the Indians had better representation in government than they have today and yet when they have achieved it their very own people the HRP and the HINDRAF the movements that claim to champion their cause  come to destroy it, claiming that the government of the State has done nothing for them, and they may be right.

It is only one term, the government cannot be looking at only one community, it has to look at the whole big picture,  and that is what is important. To say that the government has not provided enough land for Hindu temples but instead took it and gave it to the Chinese is racial and typical of BN politics, HINDRAF is playing the racial card to confuse the issue just like the MCA and MIC have done for ages.

Indians will have to fight back, there is no future in being Indian first, it will not offer their children anything in the future, they have to think Malaysian first.

Pakatan has ruled Selangor for only one term, they have not desecrated or destroyed a single temple, on the other hand the Barisan and especially UMNO folk have,  they have desecrated so many Hindu temples all over the country. Ask DP Vijandrean what the Attorney General of the time in the Kerling case  accused him of when he defended a few Indians, DP was then an upcoming MIC star.

Today the Indians who are on the brink of a new era have to make a choice, go the Indian  way and like Ostriches believe that it is only them with problems in the country or rise up and discard racist parties and come together under a Malaysian banner and as Malaysians stand up and fight this evil regime, and once and for all claim this, our nation back from cheats and self seeking individuals.

If the Indians make the choice to go the HINDRAF way there is only one result they can hope to achieve, continue to be the street sweepers, the office cleaners, the one ton truck lorry drivers and remain ignorant - the specialisation of the BN.

On the other hand they can join the mainstream Malaysians defeat this government  as one people  and prosper.

Debat KJ-Rafizi Bukti Kesediaan Untuk Demokrasi

Oleh Amin Iskandar

Tahniah kepada Sinar Harian kerana berjaya menganjurkan perdebatan di antara Ketua Pemuda Umno, Khairy Jamaluddin, dan pengarah strategik PKR, Rafizi Ramli.

Ketika debat berlangsung, tidak berlaku pergaduhan. Tidak ada yang terbunuh. Tiada kerusi terbang di dewan di mana perdebatan berlangsung walaupun penyokong kedua-dua pihak ada disitu.

Moderator yang dipilih oleh Sinar Harian, Dr Maszlee Malik, memainkan peranan beliau dengan baik. Adil kepada dua-dua pihak.

Ini adalah bukti Malaysia tidak mempunyai apa-apa masalah untuk berhadapan dengan demokrasi.

Patahlah hujah golongan ekstremis garis keras dalam Umno bahawa debat terbuka menyebabkan huru hara berlaku.

Sekarang tiada lagi alasan bagi Perdana Menteri Datuk Seri Najib Razak untuk menolak pelawaan Ketua Pembangkang Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim untuk berdebat.

Seperti yang dikatakan oleh Dr Maszlee Malik, rakyat Malaysia kini menantikan debat diantara PM dan Ketua Pembangkang.

Cabaran dilontarkan oleh moderator itu agar Najib dan Anwar berdebat. Sinar Harian bersedia untuk menjadi tuan rumah kepada debat tersebut.

Debat bukan untuk menang-kalah

Mungkin ketakutan utama Najib dan pemimpin Barisan Nasional (BN) lain adalah kehebatan Anwar Ibrahim berpidato.

Memang benar kehebatan mantan timbalan perdana menteri itu dalam berpidato dan berkata-kata luar biasa.

Akan tetapi, perlu difahami bahawa tujuan utama berdebat bukan untuk menentukan siapa kalah dan siapa menang.

Tujuan utama perdebatan dilakukan adalah untuk memberikan input kepada rakyat mengenai dasar dan halatuju BN dan Pakatan Rakyat (PR).

Setelah debat berlaku di antara Najib dan Anwar, rakyat sudah boleh membuat pilihan sama ada mereka lebih yakin dengan BN atau PR.

Penutupan ruang untuk majlis ilmu sepertii debat ini hanya merugikan BN.

Ini kerana, debat akan memberi ruang kepada Najib untuk menjelaskan apakah yang sebenarnya beliau ingin lakukan untuk negara sepanjang menjadi perdana menteri.

Hari ini, persepsi umum lebih memihak kepada PR oleh kerana ketidakpercayaan rakyat umum terhadap media arus perdana yang kelihatan sudah di tahap “overkill” kepada PR.

Sementara itu, Anwar juga mendapat ruang untuk memberikan tawaran kepada rakyat Malaysia.

Ertinya, Anwar akan menawarkan sesuatu dasar dan program yang akan dilaksanakan sekiranya berpeluang mengangkat sumpah sebagai Perdana Menteri Malaysia.

Persoalan siapa yang lebih diyakini selepas debat itu adalah subjektif. Yang objektif adalah rakyat mendapat informasi dari dua orang tokoh yang mewakili blok politik masing-masing.

Kesan serantau

Myanmar yang selama ini dikecam kerana membunuh demokrasi dan memenjarakan Aun San Suu Kyi kini menuju keterbukaan.

Suu Kyi kini adalah seorang ahli parlimen yang menang dalam pilihan raya kecil baru-baru ini.

Beliau bolehlah dikatakan sebagai “Gandhi” bagi Asia Tenggara. Daripada situasi di Myanmar hari ini, nampak gayanya, Suu Kyi bakal menjadi presiden Myanmar.

Apabila itu berlaku modal asing akan mencurah-curah masuk ke Myanmar. Myanmar akan menjadi kuasa ekonomi besar di Asia Tenggara pada ketika itu.

Di mana pula Malaysia? Apakah sudah menjadi negara pengeksport pembantu rumah ketiga terbesar di Asia Tenggara?

Jika tidak melakukan reformasi dengan segera, Malaysia akan ketinggalan. Filipina, Indonesia, Myanmar dan Vietnam akan menjadi kuasa ekonomi besar Asia Tenggara.

Jangan fikir Malaysia boleh selamanya bertahan. Wang Petronas tidak akan mampu menanggung ketirisan dalam pentadbiran negara untuk selama-lamanya.

Debat terbuka adalah jalan untuk Malaysia membuka demokrasi dan memerangi rasuah habis-habisan. Jika tidak, generasi yang bakal lahir 10-20 tahun lagi akan menyumpah kita kerana tidak melakukan apa-apa.

'Respect laws to avoid anarchy'

The New Straits Times 
by AUDREY DERMAWAN AND P. CHANDRA SAGARAN

CONCERN: Efforts must be made continuously to ensure peace and harmony, says Perak ruler

KUALA KANGSAR: MALAYSIA is feared heading towards anarchy when the people start to set aside laws and no longer believe in  law enforcement authorities as well as the integrity of the courts.

Sultan of Perak Sultan Azlan Shah, in his speech at the investiture held in conjunction with his 84th birthday celebration at Istana Iskandariah here yesterday, said the people's lack of confidence in legal institutions would lead them to take action without taking into consideration the supremacy of laws.

He said if investigation methods, detentions, prosecutions and court processes were to be questioned because people felt injustice had been done, it would only result in the people having doubts about the country's legal institutions.

"When people start to set aside laws and no longer believe in the authorities, it is feared that the country is in a state which can cause it to descend into anarchy."

Sultan Azlan Shah said law enforcement and a just management should be carried out through fair, just and transparent practices, made perfect through a free judiciary with the participation of well-respected judges, as well as the support of law enforcement bodies with high integrity.

He said there were bound to be differences in one's stand and interpretations of certain issues.

However, Sultan Azlan Shah said these differences should be geared towards finding an amicable solution to build a better nation.

He also added that there was no immediate formula which could be used to untangle problems and that instant solutions only made matters worse and had the potential to pose as a new threat to the country.

"Efforts to ensure continuous peace need the strength and bravery of those involved in a misunderstanding as it can bruise one's ego. Peace can only be achieved through the culture of consultation which seeks to find the truth.

"And truth can only be found through rational thinking.

" It can never be found in the spirit where everyone wants to gain victory. In any squabble, there is no one who is right and no one who is wrong.

"One should prioritise peace and harmony. Sow in our hearts the culture of consultation to seek and defend the truth."

Peace and harmony, Sultan Azlan Shah said, were not only compulsory to be preserved, but also should be a joint responsibility of the people so as not to create issues which could affect peace and harmony.

Government sues Ambiga, Bersih committee

The government of Prime Minister Najib, who says he wants to make Malaysia the world’s best democracy, is reportedly suing Ambiga and the Bersih steering committee in connection with Bersih 3.0.

The government is seeking damages of RM122000 for damaged police vehicles in a civil suit at the Kuala Lumpur High Court. The writ was served after 3.00pm today.

When contacted, a Bersih steering committee said that 10 of the 16 members of the Bersih steering committee were named in the writ. Inexplicably, Pak Samad is not in the list.

This, after Anwar, Azmin and Badrul Hisham have been charged in court, also in connection with Bersih 3.0.

Not the best way to go about making Malaysia the world’s best democracy.

While all this was happening, Najib and Rosmah were at Georgetown University in the United States a couple of days ago to attend the convocation of their son, Nor Ashman, who received a Bachelor of Sciences in Foreign Affairs.