By Emin Madi
LAHAD DATU (Bernama) -- Despite various efforts to monitor encroachment
by the relevant authorities, the Maliau Basin Conservation Area (MBCA),
dubbed as Sabah's 'Lost World', is still facing threat of environmental
and wildlife disturbance as poachers and gaharu (sandalwood) collectors
are occasionally intruding into the protected area.
This was the shocking discovery during a ten-day intensive resource and
wildlife inventory survey to the pristine rain forest by local
researchers, including this writer, recently.
Several members of the survey team not only found hard and fresh
evidence of encroachment such as bullet casings, camping sites, hunting
and fishing paraphernalia and graffiti on tree trunks but even came into
close encounters with a band of suspected poachers or gaharu
collectors.
Infact, three suspected poachers even 'registered' their presence by
peeping into one of the 132 camera traps set up in scattered places by
the survey team to capture wildlife presence in the Class 1 protected
forest..
"After we destroyed the suspected poachers' camping site, we were
surprised when they suddenly appeared and fearing for our safety, we had
to run away," said Sharon Koh from World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF
Malaysia), who participated in the field study.
A check with the Maliau Basin Studies Centre, an administrative centre
for MBCA, revealed that the poaching and gaharu collectors' activities
are mainly confined to the MBCA buffer zone area, which plays a critical
role in the protection of the MBCA.
The buffer zone is where most immediate threats to the 58,840-hectare
MBCA are addressed in a tactical sense, including blocking the intrusion
of hunters, loggers and gaharu collectors from entering the core areas.
Yayasan Sabah rangers with the cooperation of other government agencies,
especially the Sabah Wildlife Department have been regularly patrolling
the buffer zone as well as MBCA's core areas to check out intruders,
while rangers' posts were also set up in several places, including
Sungai Kuamut and Lake Linumunsut.
The intensive field survey however produced an impressive listing of
mammals and birds, including rare and endangered species living in the
untouched wilderness, characterized by diverse assemblage of forest
types with complex river systems and dozens of beautiful waterfalls.
The local researchers comprising 137 participants were from Yayasan
Sabah, University Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Sabah Wildlife Department, Sabah
Parks, WWF Malaysia, Sabah Institute for Development Studies (IDS) and
Kinabatangan Orang Utan Conservation Program (HUTAN-KOCP), INIKEA and
Sabah Environmental Trust (SET).
The flora and fauna inventory survey, which started on June 14, covered
almost the entire conservation area, except the 15,000-ha heritage zone
which was set aside for future generations to explore in the next 50
years (no sooner than 2050).
The intensive study confirmed that the protected area, which is slightly
larger than Penang island, is home to some of Sabah's most rare and
endangered species, including Pigmy Elephants, Orang Utans and Proboscis
Monkeys.
Researchers also recorded the presence of other mammals through direct
sighting or captured by camera traps such as Clouded Leopards, Malayan
Sunbear, Barking Deer, Mousedeers, Banded Palm Civet, Bay Cat,
Short-tail Mongoose, Borneon Gibbon, Porcupines, Pangolins and Langur.
The exciting list of birds recorded includes Bulwer's Pheasant, Giant
Pitta, Bathawk, Red-Bearded Bee-eater, Borneo Ground Cuckoo,
White-fronted Falconet, Crested Fireback, Borneon Bristlehead,
Scarlet-rumped Trogon and Borneon Bristlehead.
Alim Biun from Sabah Parks who is also an expert on birds confirmed that
all eight living species of Borneon hornbills, including the Helmeted
Hornbill, are also found in the 588.4 sq km conservation area.
Augustine Tuuga, the deputy director of Sabah Wildlife Department (SWD),
said the survey, headed by the department, was a huge success despite
the many evidences of poaching activities.
"These poachers are a real threat to the wildlife population not only at
Maliau Basin but to all the state's conservation areas like Danum
Valley and Imbak Canyon. These are not only a national heritage but of
world interest and we must protect it at all cost," he said.
Sabah Foundation group manager for conservation and environmental
conservation, Dr Waidi Sainun, said the survey will provide baseline
input about flora and fauna studies, human impact on the area, including
rivers and morphology.
"The findings will be documented to help charter the inter-Agency Maliau
Basin Management Committee's management plan, while the inventory
survey will be a regular affair at five-year intervals.
"This (survey) is intended to be a regular affair, as we want to monitor
the situation of the conservation area (including Imbak Canyon and
Danum Valley conservation area) every five years.
"Through this effort, we would be able to know the increase or decrease
of the wildlife population within the conservation area," he told
Bernama.
Waidi, who also participated in this survey, said the field study was
supported by INIKEA, a collaboration between Innopprise of Sabah
Foundation and Ikea, a Swedish organization involved in environmental
projects.
According to Waidi, intensive field surveys on Maliau Basin started in
2000, as part of the preparation of the Maliau Basin Conservation Area
Management Plan, and in 2001 the first major expedition reached
Linumunsut Lake in the northern part of the basin.